2022年考研英语一阅读text4长难句解析

1. Text4第五段

If not placing jobs at risk,// to the extent employment protection laws constrain business owners from dismissing under-performing managers,// those laws act as a constraint on firm productivity and therefore on workers’ wages.

1) 识标志，断长句

2) 找主干，识修饰

if引导条件状语从句+主句

A. 主句(抓主干)

those laws(主语) act as(谓语) a constraint(宾语) on firm productivity and therefore on workers’ wages(and并列两个介词短语，做定语修饰a constraint).

B 识修饰

If引导条件状语从句

If not placing jobs at risk,// to the extent(省略that) employment protection laws constrain business owners from dismissing under-performing managers

If条件状语从句中，省略了句子主语，与后面句子的主语一致，为“employment protection laws constrain”

To the extent that…后面引导的是结果状语从句，意思为“到达某种程度上”

3) 调语序，定句意

A 主句

those laws(主语) act as(谓语) a constraint(宾语) on firm productivity and therefore on workers’ wages(and并列两个介词短语，做定语修饰a constraint).

翻译：那些法律作为一种对公司生产力和员工薪资的阻碍(那些法律阻碍了公司生产力的发展，也因此限制了员工工资的增加)

B if条件状语从句

If not placing jobs at risk,// to the extent(省略that) employment protection laws constrain business owners from dismissing under-performing managers

翻译：如果雇佣保护法律 没有使工作处于风险中，再某种程度上，它们也限制了企业所有者开除那些表现不合格的经理人。

整句翻译：如果雇佣保护法律 没有使工作处于风险中，再某种程度上，它们也限制了企业所有者开除那些表现不合格的经理人，那些法律作为一种对公司生产力和员工薪资的阻碍(那些法律阻碍了公司生产力的发展，也因此限制了员工工资的增加)。

2. Text4第六段

Nor are highly paid managers themselves immune from the harm caused by the ERA’s unjustified dismissal procedures.

特殊的语法结构

Nor 否定词放在句首，后面出现部分倒装

还原正确的语序如下：

Highly paid managers themselves are nor immune from(谓语) the harm(宾语) caused by the ERA’s unjustified dismissal procedures(V-ed短语做后置定语，修饰the harm).

整句翻译：高薪水的经理人他们自己不能免受这种没有合理理由辞退过程的伤害。

3. Text4第三段

As countless boards and business owners will attest, //constraining firms from firing poorly performing, high-earning managers is a handbrake on boosting productivity and overall performance.

1) 识标志，断长句

2) 找主干，识修饰

As 引导的定语从句+主句

主句

constraining firms from firing poorly performing, high-earning managers is a handbrake on boosting productivity and overall performance.

从句

As countless boards and business owners will attest,

3)调语序，定句意

constraining firms from firing poorly performing, high-earning managers is a handbrake on boosting productivity and overall performance.

翻译：限制公司解雇表现不好的高收入经理人是一种对生产力提高和整体业绩表现增长的阻碍。

As countless boards and business owners will attest,

翻译：正如不计其数的董事会和企业所有者们所证实的那样，

整句翻译：正如不计其数的董事会和企业所有者们所证实的那样，限制公司解雇表现不好的高收入经理人是一种对生产力提高和整体业绩表现增长的阻碍。

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